Hartinah, S. ., Darwanto, D. H. ., Suryantiny, A. ., & Utami, A. W. . (2025). Sustainability of smallholder oil palm plantations: A study in Riau, Indonesia. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(1), 981–995. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i1.4297