Managing discipline problems in ESL/EFL classrooms: A review of challenges and strategies

Classroom discipline is essential in ESL/EFL educational settings, as it directly influences students’ academic performance, participation, and the overall learning environment. Teachers must effectively manage discipline to ensure students remain attentive and that lessons proceed without disruptions. This study aims to explore common discipline problems in ESL/EFL classrooms, analyze their causes, and evaluate effective classroom management strategies. A systematic review of existing literature highlights key challenges, including disruptive behavior, lack of motivation, cultural conflicts, and language barriers. The findings suggest that both teacher-centered and student-centered approaches play crucial roles in addressing these issues. Additionally, culturally responsive classroom management and professional development are pivotal in equipping teachers with the necessary skills. Practical implications include adopting clear expectations, positive reinforcement, behavior contracts, and differentiated instruction to create a conducive learning environment. The study underscores the importance of ongoing teacher training and culturally aware discipline strategies in mitigating classroom management issues.